TMT stands for " Thermo Mechanically Treated".

These are manufactured by a quenching and tempering process, which allows the outer surface to cool much faster than the inner core, making a temperature gradient from the bar axis to the periphery. It results in a harder outer surface while the inner core cools slowly, resulting in a ductile inner core.

HYSD = High Yield Strength Deformed Bars, i.e., Torsed/Twisted Steel (TOR Steel Bars). Bars have ribs on the surface, and this rib increases the bond strength by at least 40%. They are Fe-415 and Fe-500. The number associated with the designation indicates the tensile strength of the bar in N/mm2.

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