Bearing steel pipes are mainly used to manufacture rolling elements and rings of rolling bearings.
Since bearings should have characteristics such as long life, high precision, low heat generation, high speed, high rigidity, low noise, and high wear resistance, the bearing steel pipe is required to have: high hardness, uniform hardness, high elastic limit, and high contact fatigue，strength, necessary toughness, certain hardenability, and corrosion resistance in atmospheric lubricants. In order to achieve the above performance requirements, strict requirements are imposed on the uniformity of chemical composition, content and type of non-metallic inclusions, carbide particle size and distribution, and decarburization of bearing steel pipes.
Bearing steel pipes are generally developing in the direction of high quality, high performance and multiple varieties. Bearing steel is divided into high carbon chromium bearing steel pipes, carburized bearing steel pipes, high temperature bearing steel pipes, stainless bearing steel pipes and special special bearing materials according to their characteristics and application environment.
In order to meet the requirements of high temperature, high speed, high load, corrosion resistance and radiation resistance, it is necessary to develop a series of new bearing steel pipes with special properties. In order to reduce the oxygen content of bearing steel pipes, smelting technologies for bearing steel pipes such as vacuum smelting, electroslag remelting, and electron beam remelting have been developed. The smelting of large quantities of bearing steel pipes has evolved from electric arc furnace smelting to various types of primary smelting furnaces and external refining.
Currently, bearing steel pipes are produced using primary furnaces with a capacity greater than 60 tons + LF/VD or RH + continuous casting + continuous rolling processes to achieve high quality, high efficiency, and low energy consumption. In terms of heat treatment technology, the car-bottom furnace and bell-type furnace have been developed into continuous controlled atmosphere annealing furnace heat treatment. At present, the longest continuous heat treatment furnace type is 150m. The spheroidized structure of the bearing steel pipe produced is stable and uniform, the decarburization layer is small, and the energy consumption is low.

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