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Prestressed Steel Strand

Prestressed steel strand is a stranded steel cable consisting of 2, 3, 7 or 19 high-strength steel wires, and has been treated with stress relief (stabilization treatment), suitable for prestressed concrete and similar applications.

Prestressed steel strand is an essential material in prestressed concrete structures, and it has many unique features and advantages. In construction and civil engineering, prestressed steel strands are widely used in important engineering projects such as bridges, high-rise buildings, and tower structures.

The characteristics of prestressed steel strand
1.The prestressed steel strand has high strength and good durability. Prestressed steel strands have a higher tensile strength than conventional steel bars. By applying prestressing mechanics, the steel strand can be kept in a high-stress state, thereby effectively enhancing the bearing capacity and seismic performance of the structure. In addition, the surface of the prestressed steel strand has undergone special anti-corrosion treatment, which has good corrosion resistance and can still maintain a good service life under harsh environmental conditions.
2. The construction process of prestressed steel strand is simple and efficient. Prestressed steel strands can be prefabricated in a certain length of strands in the factory, and then stretched and fixed by equipment to connect them to the concrete structure. This prefabrication and construction method not only reduces the workload and difficulty of on-site construction, but also ensures the controllability of project quality and construction progress. In contrast, traditional steel bar engineering requires on-site processing and welding, which is complex and prone to quality problems.
3. Prestressed steel strands can optimize structural design. Due to the high tensile strength of the prestressed steel strand, prestress mechanics can be applied to the structure, making the structure less prone to plastic deformation when it is loaded. This advantage enables the structural designer to deal with the force balance and overall layout of the structure more flexibly, further improving the seismic resistance and performance of the structure. In addition, prestressed steel strands can also reduce the self-weight of the structure and reduce the impact of earthquakes on the structure, thereby reducing engineering costs and energy consumption.
In addition, the prestressed steel strand has good reusability. In some engineering projects that require periodic maintenance and repair, the reuse of prestressed steel strands can reduce maintenance costs and engineering downtime. Through the systematic detection and evaluation of the steel strand, its reliability and safety in different engineering projects can be guaranteed.

Application of prestressed steel strand
Prestressed steel strands can be used in a wide range of applications, both for new construction and reinforcement of old construction. In new construction, prestressed steel strands can greatly increase the bearing capacity of the structure, enhance the earthquake resistance and wind resistance of the structure, and improve the safety and stability of the project. In the reinforcement and transformation of old projects, prestressed steel strands can effectively increase the strength and stability of the structure, prolong the service life of the project, and achieve the purpose of saving costs and improving economic benefits.
The production of prestressed steel strands requires the selection of high-quality steel and the use of professional stranding processes and equipment. The stranding of steel strands requires high precision, and the stranding process requires strict control. At the same time, strict quality inspections must be carried out when making steel strands to ensure that the quality of the products meets relevant standards and regulations.
During the application of prestressed steel strands, it is necessary to strictly control the tension and release speed of prestress to avoid excessive stress or insufficient stress, so as to ensure the stability and safety of the structure.

To sum up, the prestressed steel strand has the characteristics of high strength, durability, simple and efficient construction, optimized structure, and repeated use. With the continuous development and innovation of engineering technology, the application prospects of prestressed steel strands in the engineering field will be broader. By giving full play to the advantages of prestressed steel strands, we can build safer, more beautiful and sustainable buildings and civil engineering.

Prestressed steel strands have their own standards in each country, the following are some common national standards

Chinese standard:
GB/T 5223-2014 "Steel Wire for Prestressed Concrete", GB/T 5224-2014 "Steel Wire for Prestressed Concrete", GB/T 20065-2016 "Threaded Steel Bar for Prestressed Concrete"

American standard:
Steel Strand for Prestressed Concrete ASTM A416/A416M
Steel Strand for Prestressed Concrete ASTM A421/A421M

British Standard:
Steel strands for prestressed concrete BS 5896

Japanese standard:
Cold drawn steel wire for prestressed concrete JIS G3536
Spiral rib steel wire for prestressed concrete JIS G3537

These standards specify the requirements for materials, dimensions, performance test methods, etc. of prestressed steel strands.

1*2 pc Strand parameter

Structure	Nominal diameter (mm)	Tolerance (mm)	Area of section (mm)	Theoretical Weight per 1000meter（kg）	Tensile strength (MPa)	Breakage Load （KN）	Yielding Load （KN）	Elongation (%)	Relaxation value 1000h no more than
									Ⅰ
									Initiate load
						No less than			70%	80%	70%	80%
1x2	5.00	+0.20 -0.10	9.81	77.0	1570 1720 1860	15.4 16.9 18.2	13.1 14.3 15.5	3.5	8.0	12	2.5	4.5
	8.00	+0.30 -0.15	25.3	199	1470 1570 1720 1860	37.2 39.7 43.5 47.1	31.61 33.7 37.0 40.0
	10.00	+0.30 -0.15	39.5	310	1470 1570 1860	58.1 62.0 67.9	49.4 52.7 57.7
	12.00	+0.30 -0.15	56.9	447	1470 1570 1720	83.7 89.3 97.9	71.1 75.9 83.2
standard	GB/T5224-1995

1*3 pc Strand parameter

Structure	Nominal diameter (mm)	Tolerance (mm)	Area of section (mm)	Theoretical Weight per 1000meter（kg）	Tensile strength (MPa)	Breakage Load （KN）	Yielding Load （KN）	Elongation L0≥400 mm(%)	Relaxation value 1000h no more than
									ⅠⅡ
									Initiate load
						Not less than			70%	80%	70%	80%
1x3	6.20	+0.20 -0.10	19.8	77	1570 1720 1860	31.1 34.1 36.8	26.4 29.0 31.3	3.5	8.0	12	2.5	4.5
	6.50	+0.20 -0.10	21.3	104	1570 1720 1860	33.3 36.5 39.4	28.3 31.0 33.5
	8.60	+0.30 -0.15	37.4	199	1470 1570 1720 1860	55.9 59.7 65.4 70.7	47.5 50.7 55.6 60.1
	8.74	+0.30 -0.15	38.64	306	1570	60.6	51.5
	10.80	+0.30 -0.15	59.3	465	1470 1570 1860	87.2 93.1 110	74.1 79.2 93.5
	12.9	+0.30 -0.15	85.4	671	1470 1570 1720	126.0 134.0 146.9	107.0 114.0 124.9
standard	GB/T5224-1995

1*7 pc Strand parameter

Structure	Nominal diameter (mm)	Tolerance (mm)	Area of section (mm)	Theoretical Weight per 1000meter（kg）	Tensile strength (MPa)	Breakage Load （KN）	Yielding Load （KN）	Elongation (%)	Relaxation value 1000h no more than
									ⅠⅡ
									Initiate load
						No less than			70%	80%	70%	80%
1x7 Standard	9.50	+0.30 -0.15	54.8	432	1860	102	86.6	3.5	8.0	12	2.5	4.5
	11.0	+0.30 -0.15	74.2	580	1860	138	117
	12.7	+0.40 -0.20	98.7	774	1860	184	156
	15.2	+0.40 -0.20	139	1101	1720	239	203
					1860	259	220
1x7 Diedrawn	12.7	+0.40 -0.20	112	890	1860	209	178
	15.2	+0.40 -0.20	165	1295	1820	300	255
standard	GB/T5224-1995

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