Cold Heading Steel

Cold heading steel forming steel, cold heading is one or more impact loading at room temperature, widely used in the production of standard parts such as screws, pins, and nuts. The cold heading process can save raw materials, reduce costs, and increase the tensile strength of the workpiece through cold work hardening to improve performance. The steel for cold heading must have good cold forging performance, and the content of impurities such as S and P in the steel is reduced. The surface quality of steel is strictly required, and high-quality carbon steel is often used. If the carbon content of steel is more than 0.25%, spheroidizing annealing heat treatment should be carried out to improve the cold heading performance of steel.

Process flow of cold heading steel production:
Molten iron→converter→refining furnace→continuous casting (die casting)→slab inspection→slab opening and continuous rolling→slab grinding→high-end hot-rolled wire rod→finished product inspection→storage.
The key to smelting cold heading steel is to improve the purity of molten steel and reduce the pollution of non-metallic inclusions in molten steel. Stabilizing the carbon content at the end point of molten steel within the specified range is the main measure to reduce the degree of oxidation of molten steel and reduce the pollution of non-metallic inclusions in molten steel.

Advantages of cold heading steel:
1. High-strength cold heading steel has high strength and hardness, and can withstand large loads and impact forces. This results in high durability and service life for parts made of cold heading steel.
2. Good processing performance Cold heading steel has good plasticity and machinability, and is easy to carry out cold heading processing and forming. This enables cold heading steel to be made into parts of various shapes to meet the needs of different industrial fields.
3. Excellent corrosion resistance Cold heading steel has good corrosion resistance after special treatment process. This allows the cold heading steel to be used for a long time in harsh working environments, prolonging the service life of the parts.
4. Economical and efficient parts made of cold heading steel have high strength and hardness, which can reduce the use of materials and reduce production costs. The cold heading process has the characteristics of high efficiency and low energy consumption, which improves production efficiency.
5. Environmental protection and energy saving Cold heading processing is a processing technology without waste and cutting fluid, which reduces the pollution to the environment. Parts made of cold heading steel have a long service life and reduce resource consumption.

The use of cold heading steel:
1. Bolts and nuts Cold heading steel has good mechanical properties and high strength, so it is often used to make bolts and nuts. Bolts and nuts are commonly used fastening elements in mechanical connectors, and are widely used in automobiles, mechanical equipment, construction and other fields.
2. Studs and pins Studs and pins made of cold heading steel have high strength and wear resistance, and are suitable for transmission systems of various mechanical equipment. Studs and pins are common transmission elements in mechanical equipment, used to transmit force and rotation.
3. Steel wire rope The steel wire rope made of cold heading steel has excellent tensile properties and corrosion resistance, and is widely used in lifting, transportation and other fields. Wire rope is an important industrial rope used for hoisting, traction and fixing operations.
4. Coil springs Coil springs made of cold heading steel have high elasticity and good resilience, and are widely used in automobiles, home appliances and other fields. Coil spring is a common elastic element used for shock absorption, cushioning and support of various mechanical equipment.
5. Cold heading parts Cold heading steel can be made into parts of various shapes through cold heading processing technology, such as screws, pins, pull nails and so on. These cold heading parts are widely used in automobiles, mechanical equipment, electronic products and other fields, and are indispensable parts in machinery manufacturing.
With a wide range of uses and a series of advantages, cold heading steel has become one of the indispensable materials in industrial production. With the continuous development of technology, the application field of cold heading steel will be further expanded, providing more possibilities for the development of all walks of life.

Different countries have their own national standards for cold heading steel, the following are the standard representatives of some common countries:

Chinese standard (GB):
GB/T 6478-2015 "Steel for Cold Heading and Cold Extrusion" This standard specifies the classification, grade, order content, size, shape, weight and allowable deviation of non-alloy steel and alloy structural steel for cold heading and cold extrusion , technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules, packaging, signs and quality certificates, etc.
This standard applies to hot-rolled wire rods with a nominal diameter of 5.0mm~60mm and hot-rolled round steel with a nominal diameter of 12mm~100mm.

British Standard (BS):
BS EN 10263-2:2005 Steel bars, rods and wires for cold heading and cold extrusion. Technical delivery conditions for steels not subjected to heat treatment after cold working.

American Standard (ASTM):
ASTM A370 Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products.

Japanese Standard (JIS):
JIS G3507-1 Carbon steel for cold heading - Part 1: Wire rod.

These standards cover the steel used for cold heading, and its chemical composition, mechanical properties, processing properties and other aspects will be specified in detail.

Cold heading steel is a commonly used metal material with high strength, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is widely used in machinery manufacturing, automobile manufacturing, construction engineering and other fields. There are many types of cold heading steel specifications, and some common cold heading steel specifications will be introduced below.

1. 6mm cold heading steel 6mm cold heading steel is a common specification, which is often used to make bolts, nuts, screws and other fasteners. Its material is usually carbon steel, which has good strength and wear resistance.
2. 8mm cold heading steel 8mm cold heading steel is a medium-sized cold heading steel, which is often used to make auto parts and mechanical parts. Its material can be carbon steel, alloy steel, etc., with high strength and corrosion resistance.
3. 10mm cold heading steel 10mm cold heading steel is a kind of larger size cold heading steel, which is often used to make large mechanical parts, connectors in construction projects, etc. Its material can be carbon steel, alloy steel, etc., with high strength and wear resistance.
4. 12mm cold heading steel 12mm cold heading steel is a large size cold heading steel, which is often used to make heavy machinery parts, supports in construction projects, etc. Its material can be carbon steel, alloy steel, etc., with high strength and corrosion resistance.
In addition to the above common cold heading steel specifications, there are more cold heading steels with different diameters and materials to choose from. According to the specific use needs and engineering requirements, the appropriate cold heading steel specifications can be selected.
When selecting cold heading steel specifications, factors such as material, strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance need to be considered. Different specifications of cold heading steel are suitable for different occasions, and choosing the appropriate specification can improve the performance and service life of the product.